Liang K C, Hu S J, Chang S C
Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
Chin J Physiol. 1996;39(3):155-66.
This study investigated the roles of NMDA and AMPA receptors in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex in formation and retrieval of affective memory. In a one-trial step-through inhibitory avoidance task, groups of rats with cannulae implanted into these two regions received infusion of 2.5 micrograms APV or 0.3 micrograms CNQX 5 min before training, shortly after training or 5 min prior to the 1-day or 21-day retention test. Results showed that pre- or posttraining intra-amygdala infusion of APV or CNQX induced a persistent retention deficit with the pretraining treatment causing a greater effect. Pre- or posttraining infusion of CNQX into the medial prefrontal cortex also induced a persistent retention deficit with the posttraining treatment causing a greater effect. Pre- or posttraining infusion of APV into the medial prefrontal cortex impaired 21-day retention but not 1-day retention. Pretraining infusion of lidocaine into either structure caused a retention deficit, which was not attenuated by activating the other structure with glutamate. Pretest intra-amygdala infusion of CNQX impaired memory expression in the 1-day test, while infusion of CNQX into the medial prefrontal cortex impaired memory expression in the 21-day test. Pretest APV infusion into either structure had no effect on memory expression. These findings suggest that the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex may be contained in a circuitry responsible for formation of affective memory. The consolidation process involves the NMDA and AMPA receptors in both structures. Further, retrieval of recent affective memory engages amygdala AMPA receptors, whereas retrieval of remote affective memory engages AMPA receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex.
本研究调查了杏仁核和内侧前额叶皮质中的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体和α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）受体在情感记忆形成和提取中的作用。在单次通过式抑制性回避任务中，将套管植入这两个区域的大鼠组在训练前5分钟、训练后不久或在1天或21天的记忆保持测试前5分钟接受2.5微克的APV（2-氨基-5-磷酸戊酸）或0.3微克的CNQX（6-氰基-7-硝基喹喔啉-2,3-二酮）注射。结果表明，训练前或训练后向杏仁核内注射APV或CNQX会导致持续的记忆保持缺陷，训练前的处理效果更明显。训练前或训练后向内侧前额叶皮质注射CNQX也会导致持续的记忆保持缺陷，训练后的处理效果更明显。训练前或训练后向内侧前额叶皮质注射APV会损害21天的记忆保持，但不会损害1天的记忆保持。训练前向任一结构注射利多卡因会导致记忆保持缺陷，用谷氨酸激活另一结构并不能减轻这种缺陷。测试前向杏仁核内注射CNQX会损害1天测试中的记忆表达，而向内侧前额叶皮质注射CNQX会损害21天测试中的记忆表达。测试前向任一结构注射APV对记忆表达没有影响。这些发现表明，杏仁核和内侧前额叶皮质可能包含在负责情感记忆形成的神经回路中。巩固过程涉及这两个结构中的NMDA和AMPA受体。此外，近期情感记忆的提取涉及杏仁核中的AMPA受体，而远期情感记忆的提取涉及内侧前额叶皮质中的AMPA受体。
