Kelly D A
Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Ladywood Middleway, Ladywood.
Arch Dis Child. 1996 Nov;75(5):363-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.75.5.363.
HCV infection has been demonstrated in multiply transfused children who received blood products or transplanted organs before universal screening in 1990. The risk of active infection is related to the number of transfusions or pooled blood products. Accurate diagnosis of infection is dependent on utilisation of third generation RIBA and identification of HCV RNA by RT-PCR. The natural history of HCV in childhood is undetermined and prospective long term studies should be undertaken. It is likely that about develop chronic hepatitis with progression at some time to cirrhosis and have an increased risk of developing liver cancer. Treatment with interferon alfa may be effective in up to 50% of children and only those children with documented infection with HCV RNA should be selected for treatment. In order to answer important questions about natural history, outcome, and the necessity and efficacy of treatment response, treatment for these children should only be as part of scientifically conducted studies on a multicentre basis.
1990年全面筛查之前接受过血液制品或移植器官的多次输血儿童已被证实感染丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）。活动性感染的风险与输血次数或混合血液制品有关。感染的准确诊断取决于使用第三代重组免疫印迹法（RIBA）以及通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）鉴定HCV RNA。儿童HCV的自然史尚未确定，应进行前瞻性长期研究。很可能约有部分儿童会发展为慢性肝炎，在某个时候进展为肝硬化，并增加患肝癌的风险。α干扰素治疗对高达50%的儿童可能有效，并且仅应选择那些有HCV RNA感染记录的儿童进行治疗。为了回答有关自然史、结局以及治疗反应的必要性和疗效的重要问题，对这些儿童的治疗应仅作为多中心科学研究的一部分。
