Miller J D, Morin L P, Schwartz W J, Moore R Y
Department of Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, USA.
Sleep. 1996 Oct;19(8):641-67. doi: 10.1093/sleep/19.8.641.
The focus of this review is recent studies of the mammalian circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The anatomy of the SCN and its major afferents from the retina, raphe, and intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) of the thalamus are considered, with a special emphasis on the effects of afferent interaction on the circadian timekeeping system. What is known of the endogenous clock mechanism is reviewed in comparison with known molecular circadian mechanisms in other species. Efferents of the SCN are also discussed with a view toward understanding how circadian information is transmitted to the rest of the central nervous system. Where possible, anatomical, electrophysiological, neuropharmacological, molecular, and behavioral data are integrated in an attempt to illuminate the mechanisms of circadian timekeeping.
本综述的重点是下丘脑视交叉上核（SCN）中哺乳动物昼夜节律起搏器的近期研究。我们将探讨SCN的解剖结构及其来自视网膜、中缝核和丘脑间膝叶（IGL）的主要传入神经，并特别强调传入神经相互作用对昼夜计时系统的影响。我们将已知的内源性时钟机制与其他物种已知的分子昼夜节律机制进行比较。还将讨论SCN的传出神经，以了解昼夜节律信息是如何传递到中枢神经系统其他部分的。在可能的情况下，整合解剖学、电生理学、神经药理学、分子和行为学数据，以试图阐明昼夜计时的机制。
