Williamson J R, Hoffmann P L, Kohrt W M, Spina R J, Coggan A R, Holloszy O
Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Mar;80(3):747-53. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.80.3.747.
The objectives of these studies were to 1) evaluate the relationships among age, glucose intolerance, and skeletal muscle capillary basement membrane (CBM) width (CBMW) and 2) determine the effects of exercise training on CBMW by comparing values of young (28 +/- 4 yr) and older (63 +/- 7 yr) athletes with those of age-matched sedentary control subjects and by measuring CBMW in older men and women before and after a 9-mo endurance-exercise training program. CBMW was measured in tissue samples obtained from the gastrocnemius muscle. CBMW in sedentary 64 +/- 3-yr-old subjects was 25% thicker than in sedentary 24 +/- 3-yr-old subjects. CBMW was similar in young and older athletes and was thinner than the CBMW of age-matched sedentary control subjects. There were no differences in CBMW among older sedentary individuals with normal or impaired glucose tolerance or mild non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nine months of endurance exercise training reduced CBMW in older men and women by 30-40%, to widths that were not different from those of the young subjects; this response was independent of glucose tolerance status. These findings suggest that habitual exercise prevents the thickening of the skeletal muscle CBM that is characteristic of advancing age. Moreover, the thickening of the CBM appears to be readily reversed as a result of exercise training, even in older individuals.
1）评估年龄、葡萄糖不耐受与骨骼肌毛细血管基底膜（CBM）宽度（CBMW）之间的关系；2）通过比较年轻（28±4岁）和年长（63±7岁）运动员与年龄匹配的久坐对照受试者的值，并在9个月的耐力运动训练计划前后测量老年男性和女性的CBMW，来确定运动训练对CBMW的影响。CBMW在取自腓肠肌的组织样本中进行测量。久坐的64±3岁受试者的CBMW比久坐的24±3岁受试者厚25%。年轻和年长运动员的CBMW相似，且比年龄匹配的久坐对照受试者的CBMW薄。在葡萄糖耐量正常或受损或患有轻度非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的老年久坐个体中，CBMW没有差异。9个月的耐力运动训练使老年男性和女性的CBMW降低了30% - 40%，降至与年轻受试者无异的宽度；这种反应与葡萄糖耐量状态无关。这些发现表明，习惯性运动可防止骨骼肌CBM随着年龄增长而增厚。此外，即使在老年人中，运动训练似乎也能使CBM增厚很容易逆转。
