Ernsberger P, Koletsky R J, Baskin J S, Collins L A
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, St. Luke's Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4982, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1996 Apr;270(4 Pt 2):R864-72. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1996.270.4.R864.
We mimicked human weight cycling in the obese spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHROB) model of genetic obesity. A 12-day very low calorie diet (VLCD; 16.7% of baseline calories) was alternated with 4-6 wk of ad libitum chow refeeding for three cycles. Control SHROB ate chow ad libitum. VLCD induced rapid weight loss, but during refeeding all the lost weight was regained. Final body weight was higher in cycled rats than in ad libitum controls (149 +/- 5 vs. 117 +/- 7% of initial baseline). Less weight was lost as a percent of starting body weight during each successive VLCD, which could not be explained by aging. At death, retroperitoneal fat pads were heavier in cycled SHROB than in ad libitum controls (62 +/- 3 vs. 44 +/- 4 g). During the first 2 days after each VLCD, cycled rats overate significantly relative to ad libitum controls (88 +/- 2 vs. 78 +/- 3 kcal/day), but cumulative food intake throughout the duration of the experiment did not differ (11.4 +/- 0.6 vs. 11.7 +/- 0.1 Mcal). Compared with ad libitum-fed rats, food efficiency (g body wt gain/kcal) was increased during each refeeding period. Weight cycling elevated blood pressure above the initial baseline throughout refeeding. Refeeding hypertension was abolished by ganglionic blockade with chlorisondamine. Thus weight cycling in SHROB exacerbates obesity, metabolic efficiency, abdominal fat accumulation, sympathetic activity, and hypertension.
我们在遗传性肥胖的肥胖自发性高血压大鼠（SHROB）模型中模拟了人类体重循环。采用12天极低热量饮食（VLCD；占基线热量的16.7%）与4 - 6周的随意进食普通饲料再喂养交替进行三个周期。对照SHROB大鼠随意进食普通饲料。VLCD导致体重迅速下降，但在再喂养期间所有减轻的体重都恢复了。循环体重的大鼠最终体重高于随意进食对照组（分别为初始基线的149±5%和117±7%）。在每个连续的VLCD期间，相对于起始体重减轻的体重百分比减少，这无法用衰老来解释。在处死时，循环体重的SHROB大鼠腹膜后脂肪垫比随意进食对照组更重（分别为62±3克和44±4克）。在每个VLCD后的头2天，循环体重的大鼠相对于随意进食对照组显著过度进食（分别为88±2千卡/天和78±3千卡/天），但在整个实验期间的累积食物摄入量没有差异（分别为11.4±0.6兆卡和11.7±0.1兆卡）。与随意进食的大鼠相比，在每个再喂养期间食物效率（克体重增加/千卡）增加。在整个再喂养期间，体重循环使血压升高超过初始基线。用氯异吲哚铵进行神经节阻断可消除再喂养高血压。因此，SHROB大鼠的体重循环加剧了肥胖、代谢效率、腹部脂肪堆积、交感神经活动和高血压。
