Perlmuter L C, Greenberg J J
Department of Psychology, Finch University of Health Sciences/Chicago Medical School, IL 60064, USA.
Exp Aging Res. 1996 Oct-Dec;22(4):325-41. doi: 10.1080/03610739608254015.
This initial study examines cognitive function in individuals with asymptomatic orthostatic hypotension. Cerebral hypoperfusion accompanying repeated episodes of orthostatic hypotension may eventually produce some cerebral structural deterioration which, depending on foci, could compromise cognitive function. Subjects (aged 55 to 74 years) were relatively healthy women and men, the majority of whom were being treated for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Blood pressure (BP) and pulse were measured under supine and upright posture. The difference between BP and pulse under supine and standing conditions indexed orthostatic hypotension. About 1 hr after evaluation of orthostatic hypotension, cognitive testing was performed with individuals comfortably seated. Results showed that, irrespective of possible confounders, including depression, decreased systolic BP in response to upright posture predicted slower reaction times and compromised serial list learning, although sparing immediate and working memory. Orthostatic hypotension, measurable in more than 4% of the elderly, is a hitherto unexplored source of cognitive decline.
这项初步研究调查了无症状性直立性低血压患者的认知功能。反复发生直立性低血压伴随的脑灌注不足最终可能导致一些脑结构恶化，具体取决于病灶位置，这可能会损害认知功能。研究对象为年龄在55至74岁之间相对健康的男性和女性，其中大多数人正在接受非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的治疗。在仰卧位和直立位测量血压（BP）和脉搏。仰卧位和站立位时血压和脉搏的差异作为直立性低血压的指标。在评估直立性低血压约1小时后，让受试者舒适地坐着进行认知测试。结果表明，无论包括抑郁在内的可能混杂因素如何，直立姿势引起的收缩压下降预示着反应时间变慢和系列列表学习受损，尽管即时记忆和工作记忆未受影响。直立性低血压在超过4%的老年人中可测量到，是迄今为止尚未被探索的认知衰退来源。
