Higo R, Ichimura K, Ota Y, Ishizuka T, Shimazoki Y
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1996 Nov;99(11):1648-52. doi: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.99.1648.
Twenty-seven nasal allergy patients suffering from olfactory disturbance were evaluated in this study. The intravenous olfaction test yielded almost normal responses in 27 cases. The standard olfactory acuity test, however, showed that the mean thresholds of detection of each odor were almost the same, while the mean thresholds of recognition of odors A and E were higher than those of the other odors. Douek has reported selective olfactory loss in patients with vasomotor rhinitis including allergic rhinitis and proposed the concept of "anosmic zones". By modifying the definition of "anosmic zones" in order to use it for the results of T & T olfactometry, we identified 8 patients who exhibited anosmic zones among 27 subjects. These results were inconsistent with the proposed mechanism that nasal obstruction causes olfactory disturbance in patients suffering from nasal allergy. Therefore, the specific factors related to nasal allergy may influence olfaction. We speculate that the pathological changes in the olfactory mucosa may induce secondary abnormalities in olfactory transduction, particularly at the point of signal transduction in olfactory cells. Other possibilities to explain anosmic zones were also discussed.
本研究对27名患有嗅觉障碍的鼻过敏患者进行了评估。静脉嗅觉测试在27例患者中产生了几乎正常的反应。然而，标准嗅觉敏锐度测试表明，每种气味的平均检测阈值几乎相同，而气味A和E的平均识别阈值高于其他气味。Douek报道了包括过敏性鼻炎在内的血管运动性鼻炎患者存在选择性嗅觉丧失，并提出了“嗅觉缺失区”的概念。通过修改“嗅觉缺失区”的定义以便将其用于T&T嗅觉测量结果，我们在27名受试者中确定了8名表现出嗅觉缺失区的患者。这些结果与所提出的鼻阻塞导致鼻过敏患者嗅觉障碍的机制不一致。因此，与鼻过敏相关的特定因素可能会影响嗅觉。我们推测嗅觉黏膜的病理变化可能会在嗅觉转导中诱发继发性异常，特别是在嗅觉细胞的信号转导点。还讨论了解释嗅觉缺失区的其他可能性。
