Ramonatxo M, Prioux J, Prefaut C
Laboratoire de Physiologie des Interactions, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.
Acta Physiol Scand. 1996 Dec;158(4):333-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201X.1996.551317000.x.
The aim of the study was to compare breathing pattern, mouth occlusion pressure, mean inspiratory flow and the ratio of mouth occlusion pressure to mean inspiratory flow at the same power output and carbon dioxide output during arm and leg incremental exercise. Mouth occlusion pressure was used as an index of inspiratory neuromuscular activity and its ratio to mean inspiratory flow as an index of the 'effective' impedance of the respiratory system. Eight normal subjects performed two incremental exercise tests, one with arms, the other with legs, on different weeks and in randomized order, and on two identical cycle ergometers. The power output was increased by steps of 25 W for arms and 50 W for legs every 4 min until exhaustion. At the same power output, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide output, ventilation, mean inspiratory flow, mouth occlusion pressure, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher during arm exercise than during leg exercise, whereas inspiratory time (P < 0.05) and expiratory time (P < 0.01) were lower. At the same carbon dioxide output, mouth occlusion pressure, ventilation, 'effective' impedance (P < 0.001) and respiratory frequency (P < 0.01) were higher and expiratory time (P < 0.05) was lower during arm exercise. In conclusion, the higher inspiratory neuromuscular activity and impedance of the respiratory system during arm exercise and the differences observed in ventilation and breathing pattern at equal carbon dioxide output seem related to the differences in exercising muscle afferents and the presence of an increased load due to contraction of rib cage muscles to stabilize posture.
该研究的目的是比较手臂和腿部递增运动过程中，在相同功率输出和二氧化碳排出量时的呼吸模式、口腔闭合压、平均吸气流量以及口腔闭合压与平均吸气流量的比值。口腔闭合压被用作吸气神经肌肉活动的指标，其与平均吸气流量的比值被用作呼吸系统“有效”阻抗的指标。八名正常受试者在不同周以随机顺序在两台相同的周期测力计上进行了两次递增运动测试，一次用手臂，另一次用腿部。手臂运动时功率输出每4分钟以25瓦的步长增加，腿部运动时以50瓦的步长增加，直至力竭。在相同功率输出时，手臂运动期间的耗氧量、二氧化碳排出量、通气量、平均吸气流量、口腔闭合压、“有效”阻抗（P<0.001）和呼吸频率（P<0.01）均高于腿部运动，而吸气时间（P<0.05）和呼气时间（P<0.01）则较低。在相同二氧化碳排出量时，手臂运动期间的口腔闭合压、通气量、“有效”阻抗（P<0.001）和呼吸频率（P<0.01）较高，呼气时间（P<0.05）较低。总之，手臂运动期间较高的吸气神经肌肉活动和呼吸系统阻抗，以及在相同二氧化碳排出量时观察到的通气和呼吸模式差异，似乎与运动肌肉传入神经的差异以及由于胸廓肌肉收缩以稳定姿势而导致的负荷增加有关。
