Soikkonen K, Hiltunen K, Ainamo A
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Oral Rehabil. 1996 Dec;23(12):856-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1996.d01-197.x.
The radiographic condylar findings of 293 old people (76, 81 and 86 years old) were investigated using panoramic radiography. One hundred and twenty four subjects were clinically edentulous, and 169 had at least one natural tooth left. Condylar findings were observed in 16% of the edentulous subjects, and in 25% of the dentate subjects. Over 95% of the findings were radiographic signs often associated with osteoarthrosis. Condylar findings were more common in edentulous women (18%) than in edentulous men (9%) (P < 0.05). Imbalanced occlusion was assessed using the Eichner index. This index describes the existing occlusal support zones, dividing the dentition into three main classes. When natural dentition and fixed constructions were included 70% of the population had no occlusal contacts. With removable dentures included, class A (contacts in four support zones) represented 74% and class C (no occlusal contacts) 4% of the subjects. Three per cent of the men and 0.5% of the women had no occlusal contacts even then. Imbalanced occlusion showed no association with condylar findings; neither were there any significant differences in the condylar findings between the sexes in the dentate subjects, between the age groups, or between the dentate and edentulous groups.
采用全景X线摄影术对293名老年人（76岁、81岁和86岁）的髁突影像学表现进行了研究。124名受试者临床上无牙，169名至少还留有一颗天然牙。无牙受试者中16%出现髁突表现，有牙受试者中25%出现髁突表现。超过95%的表现为通常与骨关节炎相关的影像学征象。无牙女性（18%）的髁突表现比无牙男性（9%）更常见（P<0.05）。采用艾希纳指数评估咬合不平衡情况。该指数描述了现有的咬合支持区，将牙列分为三个主要类别。当纳入天然牙列和固定修复体时，70%的人群没有咬合接触。若纳入可摘义齿，A类（四个支持区有接触）占受试者的74%，C类（无咬合接触）占4%。即便如此，仍有3%的男性和0.5%的女性没有咬合接触。咬合不平衡与髁突表现无关；在有牙受试者中，性别之间、年龄组之间以及有牙组和无牙组之间的髁突表现也没有显著差异。
