Cress M E, Buchner D M, Questad K A, Esselman P C, deLateur B J, Schwartz R S
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996 Dec;77(12):1243-50. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90187-2.
The continuous-scale physical functional performance test (CS-PFP) is an original instrument designed to provide a comprehensive, in-depth measure of physical function that reflects abilities in several separate physical domains. It is based on a concept of physical function as the integration of physiological capacity, physical performance, and psychosocial factors.
The test was administered under standard conditions in a hospital facility with a neighborhood setting. The CS-PFP consists of a battery of 15 everyday tasks, ranging from easy to demanding, that sample the physical domains of upper and lower body strength, upper body flexibility, balance and coordination, and endurance. Participants are told to work safely but at maximal effort, and physical functional performance was measured as weight, time, or distance. Scores were standardized and scaled 0 to 12. The test yields a total score and separate physical domain scores.
The CS-PFP was evaluated using 148 older adults-78 community dwellers, 31 long-term care facility residents living independently, and 39 residents with some dependence.
Maximal physical performance assessment included measures of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), isokinetic strength, range of motion, gait, and balance. Psychosocial factors were measured as self-defined health status using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), self-perceived function using the Health Survey (SF36), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL).
IADL scores were not significantly different among the groups. Test-retest correlations ranged from .84 to .97 and inter-rater reliability from .92 to .99 for the CS-PFP total and 5 domains. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha, .74 to .97). Both total and individual domain CS-PFP scores were significantly different for the three groups of study participants, increasing with higher levels of independence, supporting construct validity. CS-PFP domain scores were significantly correlated with measures of maximal physical performance (VO2max, strength, etc) and with physical but not emotional aspects of self-perceived function.
The CS-PFP is a valid, reliable measure of physical function, applicable to a wide range of functional levels, and having minimal floor and ceiling effect. The total and physical domains may be used to evaluate, discriminate, and predict physical functional performance for both research and clinical purposes.
连续量表身体功能表现测试（CS - PFP）是一种原创工具，旨在全面、深入地测量身体功能，反映多个不同身体领域的能力。它基于身体功能是生理能力、身体表现和心理社会因素整合的概念。
该测试在医院设施中的标准条件下进行，模拟社区环境。CS - PFP由一系列15项日常任务组成，难度从易到难，涵盖上下肢力量、上肢柔韧性、平衡与协调以及耐力等身体领域。要求参与者安全操作但需全力以赴，身体功能表现通过重量、时间或距离来衡量。分数进行标准化处理，范围为0至12分。该测试得出总分以及各个身体领域的分数。
使用148名老年人对CS - PFP进行评估，其中包括78名社区居民、31名独立生活的长期护理机构居民以及39名部分依赖他人的居民。
最大身体表现评估包括最大耗氧量（VO2max）、等速肌力、活动范围、步态和平衡等指标。心理社会因素通过使用疾病影响量表（SIP）自我定义的健康状况、使用健康调查（SF36）自我感知的功能以及日常生活活动能力（IADL）来衡量。
三组之间的IADL分数无显著差异。CS - PFP总分及5个领域的重测信度在0.84至0.97之间，评分者间信度在0.92至0.99之间。内部一致性较高（克朗巴哈系数，0.74至0.97）。三组研究参与者的CS - PFP总分及各领域分数均存在显著差异，且随着独立程度的提高而增加，支持结构效度。CS - PFP领域分数与最大身体表现指标（VO2max、力量等）以及自我感知功能的身体方面而非情感方面显著相关。
CS - PFP是一种有效、可靠的身体功能测量方法，适用于广泛的功能水平，且地板效应和天花板效应最小。总分及身体领域分数可用于研究和临床目的的身体功能表现评估、区分和预测。
