Hammann C, Kämmerer R, Gerber M, Spertini F
Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Dec;98(6 Pt 1):1045-50. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(96)80189-8.
Multiple ocular challenges or seasonal trials have demonstrated the efficacy of levocabastine and nedocromil sodium in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
This study was designed to compare the protective effect of levocabastine eye drops with that of nedocromil in a conjunctival provocation test with allergen.
Twenty-four patients with allergic conjunctivitis to grass pollen were recruited. After a preliminary provocation to determine conjunctival reaction threshold (erythema of at least 50% of the conjunctiva with ocular itching), patients were randomized to receive either topical levocabastine (0.05%) or nedocromil (2%) 15 minutes before provocation. Erythema and pruritus intensity were recorded at each concentration of allergen up to the reaction threshold.
The allergen concentration level necessary to reach reaction threshold was increased (p < 0.001) after treatment with both drugs. Comparison between screening and each treatment indicated that the shift in allergen concentration was significantly greater after levocabastine treatment than after nedocromil treatment (p = 0.019). Conjunctival itching (symptom score) and erythema (percent conjunctival surface) were also better controlled by levocabastine than by nedocromil during provocation (p < 0.05).
In a provocation test with allergen, levocabastine and nedocromil were both effective in increasing the conjunctival tolerance to allergen, with better protection provided by levocabastine.
多项眼部挑战试验或季节性试验已证明左卡巴斯汀和奈多罗米钠在治疗过敏性结膜炎方面的疗效。
本研究旨在比较在过敏原结膜激发试验中左卡巴斯汀滴眼液与奈多罗米的保护作用。
招募了24名对草花粉过敏的过敏性结膜炎患者。在进行初步激发试验以确定结膜反应阈值（结膜至少50%出现红斑并伴有眼部瘙痒）后，患者被随机分为两组，在激发试验前15分钟分别局部使用左卡巴斯汀（0.05%）或奈多罗米（2%）。记录每种过敏原浓度直至反应阈值时的红斑和瘙痒强度。
两种药物治疗后达到反应阈值所需的过敏原浓度水平均升高（p < 0.001）。筛查与每种治疗方法之间的比较表明，左卡巴斯汀治疗后过敏原浓度的变化显著大于奈多罗米治疗后（p = 0.019）。在激发试验期间，左卡巴斯汀对结膜瘙痒（症状评分）和红斑（结膜表面百分比）的控制也优于奈多罗米（p < 0.05）。
在过敏原激发试验中，左卡巴斯汀和奈多罗米均能有效提高结膜对过敏原的耐受性，左卡巴斯汀提供的保护效果更好。
