Strauman T J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53719-1179, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Dec;71(6):1142-53. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.6.1142.
Self-discrepancy theory emphasizes the emotional significance of patterns of relations between the self-concept and ideal and ought self-guides and predicts stability within the self related to structural characteristics independent of specific self-beliefs. It was hypothesized that whereas participants' specific self-descriptions would vary substantially over time, magnitude of self-discrepancy, regulatory focus (the individual's dominant self-guide domain), and other structural features would be stable. Participants (N = 47) were recruited from 2 samples that had completed a self-belief interview and a childhood memory cued-recall task 3 years earlier (T. J. Strauman, 1990). As expected, participants' self-descriptions varied, but magnitude and type of self-discrepancy, associations between self-guide domains and childhood memories, and correlates of regulatory focus were stable.
自我差异理论强调自我概念与理想自我及应该自我导向之间关系模式的情感意义，并预测与特定自我信念无关的结构特征相关的自我内部稳定性。研究假设，尽管参与者的具体自我描述会随时间大幅变化，但自我差异的程度、调节焦点（个体的主导自我导向领域）和其他结构特征将保持稳定。参与者（N = 47）从两个样本中招募，这两个样本在三年前（T. J. 施特劳曼，1990年）完成了一次自我信念访谈和一项童年记忆线索回忆任务。正如预期的那样，参与者的自我描述各不相同，但自我差异的程度和类型、自我导向领域与童年记忆之间的关联以及调节焦点的相关因素是稳定的。
