Wood W, Pool G J, Leck K, Purvis D
Department of Psychology, Texas A & M University, College Station 77843, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Dec;71(6):1181-93. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.6.1181.
Past research has found that recipients agree with majority group positions and resist minority group positions on direct measures of influence. The authors suggest that these attitude shifts reflect normative pressures to align with valued majorities and to differentiate from derogated minorities. In support of this idea, participants who considered a majority group relevant to their own self-definitions (but not those who judged it irrelevant), on learning that the group held a counterattitudinal position, shifted their attitudes to agree with the source. In a second study, recipients who judged a minority group (negatively) self-relevant, on learning that the group held a similar attitude to their own, shifted their attitudes to diverge from the source. These shifts in attitudes were based on participants' interpretations of the attitude issues.
过去的研究发现，在直接的影响力测量中，接受者会认同多数群体的立场，而抵制少数群体的立场。作者认为，这些态度转变反映了与受重视的多数群体保持一致以及与被贬低的少数群体区分开来的规范压力。为支持这一观点，那些认为多数群体与自身自我定义相关的参与者（而非那些认为其不相关的参与者），在得知该群体持有与自身态度相反的立场时，会改变自己的态度以认同该群体。在第二项研究中，那些认为少数群体与自身（负面）相关的接受者，在得知该群体持有与自己相似的态度时，会改变自己的态度以与该群体产生分歧。这些态度转变是基于参与者对态度问题的解读。
