Pool G J, Wood W, Leck K
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Oct;75(4):967-75. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.4.967.
This research provides evidence for the role of self-esteem in social influence; it demonstrates that the positions taken by self-relevant social groups can threaten people's self-esteem. Participants who wished to align themselves with a majority group and who learned that the group held a counterattitudinal position suffered a reduction in self-esteem. Similarly, participants who wished to differentiate themselves from a derogated minority group and who learned that the group held attitudes similar to theirs experienced reduced self-esteem. Group attitudes, however, did not affect the self-esteem of participants who were indifferent to the group. In addition, this study demonstrates that self-relevant motivations direct the way people process influence appeals. Participants adopted interpretations of the issues that allowed them to align themselves with valued majorities and differentiate themselves from derogated minorities.
这项研究为自尊在社会影响中的作用提供了证据；它表明与自我相关的社会群体所采取的立场会威胁到人们的自尊。那些希望与多数群体保持一致且得知该群体持有反对态度的参与者自尊会降低。同样，那些希望将自己与受诋毁的少数群体区分开来且得知该群体持有与自己相似态度的参与者自尊也会降低。然而，群体态度并未影响对该群体漠不关心的参与者的自尊。此外，这项研究表明与自我相关的动机指导着人们处理影响诉求的方式。参与者对问题采取的解释方式使他们能够与受重视的多数群体保持一致，并与受诋毁的少数群体区分开来。
