Wood W, Lundgren S, Ouellette J A, Busceme S, Blackstone T
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843.
Psychol Bull. 1994 May;115(3):323-45. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.115.3.323.
A meta-analytic review of 97 minority influence experiments evaluated the processes by which sources advocating deviant, minority opinions exert influence. Minority impact was most marked on measures of influence that were private from the source and indirectly related to the content of the appeal and less evident on direct private influence measures and on public measures. This attenuated impact of minorities on direct private and public measures suggests that in response to normative pressures, recipients avoided aligning themselves with a deviant source. Mediator analyses revealed that minorities perceived as especially consistent in the advocacy of their views were especially influential. The relation between normative and informational pressures in the minority influence paradigm was discussed.
一项对97项少数派影响实验的荟萃分析回顾评估了倡导异常少数派观点的信息源施加影响的过程。少数派影响在那些与信息源无关且与诉求内容间接相关的影响衡量指标上最为显著，而在直接的私下影响衡量指标和公开衡量指标上则不太明显。少数派在直接私下和公开衡量指标上的这种减弱的影响表明，面对规范压力，接受者避免与异常信息源保持一致。中介分析表明，那些在倡导自身观点时被认为特别一致的少数派具有特别大的影响力。文中还讨论了少数派影响范式中规范压力和信息压力之间的关系。
