López-Martínez R, Soto-Hernández J L, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Castanón-Olivares L R, Angeles-Morales V, Sotelo J
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
Mycopathologia. 1996;134(2):61-4. doi: 10.1007/BF00436865.
A retrospective study of 20 patients with cryptococcal meningitis and their isolated strains was performed. Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans was recovered from 14 (70%) cases, and var. gattii was recovered from six (30%) patients. Twelve patients had AIDS (all carrying var. neoformans), two had other diseases (one with var. neoformans and one var. gattii) and there was no identifiable underlying disease in six (one var. neoformans and five var. gattii). Fourteen patients (11 var. neoformans and three var. gattii) resided in the Mexico City area, where a temperate climate is prevalent, and there were six cases (three var. neoformans and three var. gattii) from states with a tropical/subtropical climate. Although there was no significant statistical difference between the two varieties, the fatal outcome was higher in patients with var. neoformans. The disease caused by var. gattii strains was characterized by a higher opening pressure, more inflamatory changes of CSF and a longer clinical course (delayed clinical and mycological cure). Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii is a significant cause of cryptococcal meningitis in patients without underlying diseases in Mexico.
对20例新型隐球菌性脑膜炎患者及其分离菌株进行了回顾性研究。14例（70%）患者分离出新生隐球菌新生变种，6例（30%）患者分离出新生隐球菌格特变种。12例患者患有艾滋病（均携带新生变种），2例患有其他疾病（1例携带新生变种，1例携带格特变种），6例患者无明确的基础疾病（1例携带新生变种，5例携带格特变种）。14例患者（11例携带新生变种，3例携带格特变种）居住在墨西哥城地区，该地区气候温和，另外6例（3例携带新生变种，3例携带格特变种）来自热带/亚热带气候的州。虽然两个变种之间没有显著的统计学差异，但新生变种患者的致命结局更高。格特变种菌株引起的疾病特点是脑脊液初压较高、炎症变化更多且临床病程更长（临床和真菌学治愈延迟）。在墨西哥，新生隐球菌格特变种是无基础疾病患者新型隐球菌性脑膜炎的重要病因。
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