Kwon-Chung K J, Bennett J E
Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Jul;120(1):123-30. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113861.
This report of the worldwide distribution of two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans was drawn from data on 628 clinical isolates and from data on 97 additional isolates from other laboratories. Tests showed that 100% of the cultures from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, and Japan belonged to C. neoformans var. neoformans. More than 85% of the isolates from Argentina, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States (except southern California) were of C. neoformans var. neoformans, the remainder being of C. neoformans var. gattii . There was an unusually high prevalence (35-100%) of C. neoformans var. gattii in Australia, Brazil, Cambodia, Hawaii, southern California, Mexico, Paraguay, Thailand, Vietnam, Nepal, and countries in central Africa. These findings indicated that C. neoformans var. gattii is prevalent only in tropical and subtropical regions. Seventy per cent of the total isolates studied were of serotype A of C. neoformans var. neoformans. Serotype D (9% of the total) was common in Europe, but was found infrequently in other regions. Among the two serotypes of C. neoformans var. gattii , serotype B was 4.5 times more prevalent than serotype C. The majority (88%) of type C isolates in our collection were from southern California.
这份关于新型隐球菌两个变种全球分布情况的报告，取材于628份临床分离株的数据以及来自其他实验室的97份额外分离株的数据。检测表明，来自奥地利、比利时、丹麦、法国、德国、荷兰、意大利、瑞士和日本的所有培养物均属于新型隐球菌新型变种。来自阿根廷、加拿大、英国和美国（南加利福尼亚州除外）的分离株中，超过85%属于新型隐球菌新型变种，其余的属于新型隐球菌格特变种。在澳大利亚、巴西、柬埔寨、夏威夷、南加利福尼亚州、墨西哥、巴拉圭、泰国、越南、尼泊尔以及中非国家，新型隐球菌格特变种的患病率异常高（35%-100%）。这些发现表明，新型隐球菌格特变种仅在热带和亚热带地区流行。在所研究的全部分离株中，70%属于新型隐球菌新型变种的A血清型。D血清型（占总数的9%）在欧洲很常见，但在其他地区很少见。在新型隐球菌格特变种的两种血清型中，B血清型的患病率比C血清型高4.5倍。我们收集的C型分离株中，大部分（88%）来自南加利福尼亚州。
