Kalogeraki A, Tamiolakis D, Relakis K, Karvelas K, Froudarakis G, Hassan E, Martavatzis N, Psaroudakis E, Matalliotakis J, Makrigiannakis A, Koumantakis E, Delides G
University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
In Vivo. 1996 Nov-Dec;10(6):597-600.
The atrophy of the vaginal epithelium was studied clinically and cytologically on vaginal smears of 1638 healthy postmenopausal female non smokers and 531 healthy postmenopausal smokers (over 30 years), with a mean age of 58 years. A very strong statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) in the atrophical vaginal changes between smokers and nonsmokers to the disadvantage of the smokers. Also a very statistically significant association (p < 0.0001) was observed between the cytological expression of the vaginal atrophy and duration at menopause of the non-smokers but no association in the cases of the smokers. Another important result of this study was that the smokers women had an early menopause (p < 0.0001), on average by 2 years sooner (mean age 48.5 years) than non-smokers (mean age 50.5 years). These results suggest that cigarette smoking has an effect on the vaginal squamous epithelium, increasing the atrophical changes and causing early menopause by mechanisms, some of which remain unclear.
对1638名绝经后不吸烟的健康女性和531名绝经后吸烟（年龄超过30岁）的健康女性的阴道涂片进行了临床和细胞学研究，她们的平均年龄为58岁。吸烟者和不吸烟者之间阴道萎缩性变化存在非常显著的统计学差异（p < 0.0001），对吸烟者不利。在不吸烟者中，还观察到阴道萎缩的细胞学表现与绝经持续时间之间存在非常显著的统计学关联（p < 0.0001），但吸烟者中未观察到这种关联。这项研究的另一个重要结果是，吸烟女性绝经较早（p < 0.0001），平均比不吸烟者早2年（平均年龄48.5岁）（平均年龄50.5岁）。这些结果表明，吸烟对阴道鳞状上皮有影响，增加萎缩性变化并导致绝经提前，其机制尚不完全清楚。
