Hartmannella vermiformis isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a young male patient with meningoencephalitis and bronchopneumonia.

Meningoencephalitis and bronchopneumonia were documented in a patient from Peubla, Mexico. The patient began with symptoms and signs of a common flu and 12 days after the onset of his disease he was admitted to the hospital presenting symptoms and signs of meningoencephalitis. The clinical course evolved into an endocraneal hypertension syndrome with bronchopneumonia, coma and death. Wide-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive and anti-tuberculosis therapy were unsuccessfully administered. Important antecedents were degree I malnutrition and repeated contact with polluted water. Post-mortem autopsy was not performed. Gram-positive cocci were isolated from the spinal fluid 2 days after admission, and then active amebae were isolated from three different samples of the spinal fluid at days 16, 18 and 19 after admission. Such samples were concentrated and inoculated onto specific culture media. Identification of amebae was based on their morphology and biochemistry. All amebae were Hartmannella vermiformis. Amebae were apparently not the cause of the disease and might be considered as an opportunistic colonizer which may have caused the evolution of the disease to become worse.