Pabst R
Center of Anatomy 4120, Medical School of Hannover, Germany.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Nov;54(1-4):191-5. doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(96)05700-5.
Respiratory tract infections with bacteria like Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae are extremely common in pigs and are of major veterinary relevance. The respiratory tract can be divided into the upper part, consisting of the nose, pharynx, larynx and trachea, and the lower part, consisting of the different parts of the lung. After bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) had been established for pigs, interest grew in the unspecific parts of the immune system of the respiratory tract (such as macrophages, mast cells, the mucociliary function) and the specific immune system, consisting of the different lymphocyte subsets. In contrast to the rodent and human lung, the lung of the pig contains large numbers of intravascular macrophages with a high clearance capacity. The main focus of this paper is the localization, subset composition and quantification of lymphocytes in the pig lung: the intravascular and interstitial pool and the lymphocytes in the bronchial epithelium and lamina propria including bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue form the major compartments. In the BAL only a small proportion of nucleated cells are lymphocytes. The effects of age, antigen exposition, immunization and infection on the lymphocyte distribution in the pig lung are presented. In addition to veterinary aspects, the lung of pigs can also serve as a model for diseases in humans.
由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌等细菌引起的呼吸道感染在猪中极为常见，且具有重大的兽医相关性。呼吸道可分为上部，包括鼻、咽、喉和气管，以及下部，由肺的不同部分组成。在猪的支气管镜检查和支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）技术确立之后，人们对呼吸道免疫系统的非特异性部分（如巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、黏液纤毛功能）以及由不同淋巴细胞亚群组成的特异性免疫系统的兴趣日益浓厚。与啮齿动物和人类的肺不同，猪的肺含有大量具有高清除能力的血管内巨噬细胞。本文的主要重点是猪肺中淋巴细胞的定位、亚群组成和定量：血管内和间质池以及支气管上皮和固有层中的淋巴细胞，包括支气管相关淋巴组织，构成了主要的部分。在支气管肺泡灌洗中，只有一小部分有核细胞是淋巴细胞。本文介绍了年龄、抗原暴露、免疫和感染对猪肺中淋巴细胞分布的影响。除了兽医方面，猪的肺也可作为人类疾病的模型。
