Dilk M N, Bond G R
Psychological Resources, Indianapolis, Indiana 46256, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Dec;64(6):1337-46. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.64.6.1337.
A meta-analysis of 68 studies examined the effectiveness of skills training for individuals with severe mental illness and the influence of such factors as methodological rigor, choice of outcome measures, and service settings. The methodological quality of these studies was generally very good. Skills training was found to be moderately to strongly effective in increasing skill acquisition and reducing psychiatric symptoms. However, effect size varied by type of outcome measure, with situationally specific measures yielding larger effects than measures of skill usage and role functioning. Studies rarely examined whether acquired skills were used outside the training setting. Surprisingly, most studies were confined to inpatient settings, and most focused exclusively on social skills. Implications are discussed for future research.
一项对68项研究的荟萃分析，考察了针对重症精神疾病患者的技能培训效果，以及诸如方法严谨性、结果测量选择和服务环境等因素的影响。这些研究的方法学质量总体上非常好。研究发现，技能培训在提高技能习得和减轻精神症状方面具有中等至显著的效果。然而，效应量因结果测量类型而异，情境特定测量产生的效果大于技能使用和角色功能测量。研究很少考察所学技能在培训环境之外是否得到运用。令人惊讶的是，大多数研究局限于住院环境，且大多数仅专注于社交技能。文中讨论了对未来研究的启示。
