Schröer H
Institut für Physiologie, Universität Münster, Germany.
Pflugers Arch. 1996;432(3 Suppl):R23-32.
Modern research into the physiology of the blood circulation has been influenced decisively by Carl Ludwig. His contributions to the special field of microcirculation are typical examples of his scientific mode of thinking, being characterised by exactness and richness of ideas. His demand for a useful division of the complete circulatory system into two parts, namely the intra- and extravascular circulation, has remarkable heuristic value. His ideas concerning the functions of the extravascular space have maintained their validity up to the present day. His conception of the existence of open connections between the interstitial compartments and the inside of the lymphatic vessels was far ahead of contemporary knowledge: the relevant findings and ideas of Ludwig look, in part, like "confirmations" or anticipations of modern investigation results. This is illustrated by corresponding examples. As far as his scientific conceptions are concerned Ludwig was very particular to abstain from admission of any hypothetic throughts into them. The high reliability of his conceptions resulting from this custom is exemplified by comparing his interpretation of fluid and substance exchange in the terminal vessel area with "Starling's law" as the currently accepted explanation of these processes.
卡尔·路德维希对现代血液循环生理学研究产生了决定性影响。他在微循环这一特殊领域的贡献是其科学思维方式的典型例子，其特点是思维精确且富有创意。他要求将完整的循环系统有益地划分为两部分，即血管内循环和血管外循环，这具有显著的启发价值。他关于血管外空间功能的观点至今仍然有效。他认为间质腔隙与淋巴管内部存在开放连接的概念远远超前于当时的知识水平：路德维希的相关发现和观点在部分程度上似乎是现代研究结果的“证实”或预见。以下是相应的例子。就他的科学概念而言，路德维希非常坚持不将任何假设性的想法纳入其中。通过将他对终末血管区域液体和物质交换的解释与当前被广泛接受的“斯塔林定律”进行比较，可以例证这种做法所带来的他的概念的高度可靠性。
