Mace F C
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1996 Winter;29(4):557-63. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-557.
Efforts to develop behavioral technologies from advances in basic research assume that results from studies with nonhuman subjects can, in some instances, be applied to human behavior. The behavioral principles likely to be most useful for application are those that represent robust general behavioral relations. Basic and applied research on behavioral momentum suggests that there is a general behavioral relation between the persistence of behavior and the rate of reinforcement obtained in a given situation. Understanding the factors that affect behavioral persistence may have important implications for applied behavior analysts that justify studies aimed at establishing the generality and limits of the functional relation between reinforcement rate and behavioral persistence. Strategies for establishing the generality of behavioral relations are reviewed, followed by a brief summary of the evidence for the generality of behavioral momentum.
基于基础研究进展来开发行为技术的努力假定,在某些情况下,对非人类受试者的研究结果可以应用于人类行为。可能最适用于应用的行为原则是那些代表强大的一般行为关系的原则。关于行为动量的基础研究和应用研究表明,在给定情境中,行为的持续性与获得强化的速率之间存在一般行为关系。理解影响行为持续性的因素,可能对应用行为分析人员具有重要意义,这也为旨在确定强化速率与行为持续性之间功能关系的普遍性和局限性的研究提供了正当理由。本文回顾了确立行为关系普遍性的策略,随后简要总结了行为动量普遍性的证据。