[Parenchymal neurosyphilis. Insidious onset (dementia) and acute onset (manic type) forms].

The increased rates in recent years of primary and secondary syphilis, with a renovated interest of central nervous system infection by the treponema pallidum, justify the presentation of two cases of classic General Paresis: Dementia and Mania. Both patients fulfilled sufficient criteria as to elaborate a process of differential diagnostic of physical illness in patients with mental disorders, which include a battery laboratory tests. The positive response to a protocol with penicillin improved both the clinical symptoms and the laboratory tests.