Holmes A J, Kelly D P, Baker S C, Thompson A S, De Marco P, Kenna E M, Murrell J C
Institute of Education, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, England.
Arch Microbiol. 1997 Jan;167(1):46-53. doi: 10.1007/s002030050415.
Two novel genera of restricted facultative methylotrophs are described; both Methylosulfonomonas and Marinosulfonomonas are unique in being able to grow on methanesulfonic acid as their sole source of carbon and energy. Five identical strains of Methylosulfonomonas were isolated from diverse soil samples in England and were shown to differ in their morphology, physiology, DNA base composition, molecular genetics, and 16S rDNA sequences from the two marine strains of Marinosulfonomonas, which were isolated from British coastal waters. The marine strains were almost indistinguishable from each other and are considered to be strains of one species. Type species of each genus have been identified and named Methylosulfonomonas methylovora (strain M2) and Marinosulfonomonas methylotropha (strain PSCH4). Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequencing places both genera in the alpha-Proteobacteria. Methylosulfonomonas is a discrete lineage within the alpha-2 subgroup and is not related closely to any other known bacterial genus. The Marinosulfonomonas strains form a monophyletic cluster in the alpha-3 subgroup of the Proteobacteria with Roseobacter spp. and some other partially characterized marine bacteria, but they are distinct from these at the genus level. This work shows that the isolation of bacteria with a unique biochemical character, the ability to grow on methanesulfonic acid as energy and carbon substrate, has resulted in the identification of two novel genera of methylotrophs that are unrelated to any other extant methylotroph genera.
本文描述了两类新的兼性甲基营养菌；甲基磺单胞菌属（Methylosulfonomonas）和海甲基磺单胞菌属（Marinosulfonomonas）都很独特，它们能够以甲磺酸作为唯一碳源和能源进行生长。从英国不同土壤样本中分离出了五株相同的甲基磺单胞菌菌株，结果表明，这些菌株在形态、生理、DNA碱基组成、分子遗传学以及16S rDNA序列方面，与从英国沿海水域分离出的两株海甲基磺单胞菌菌株存在差异。这两株海洋菌株彼此之间几乎无法区分，被认为是同一物种的菌株。已确定了每个属的模式种，并分别命名为嗜甲基甲基磺单胞菌（Methylosulfonomonas methylovora，菌株M2）和嗜甲基海甲基磺单胞菌（Marinosulfonomonas methylotropha，菌株PSCH4）。利用16S rDNA测序进行的系统发育分析表明，这两个属都属于α-变形菌纲。甲基磺单胞菌属在α-2亚群中是一个独立的谱系，与其他任何已知细菌属都没有密切关系。海甲基磺单胞菌菌株在变形菌纲的α-3亚群中与玫瑰杆菌属（Roseobacter spp.）及其他一些部分特征已明确的海洋细菌形成一个单系簇，但在属的水平上与这些细菌不同。这项研究表明，分离出具有独特生化特性（即以甲磺酸作为能量和碳底物进行生长的能力）的细菌，已鉴定出两个新的甲基营养菌属，它们与任何其他现存的甲基营养菌属都没有关系。
