Bay B K, Hamel A J, Olson S A, Sharkey N A
Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento 95817, USA.
J Biomech. 1997 Feb;30(2):193-6. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9290(96)00120-0.
The hip is a common site of orthopaedic trauma and disease, and considerable research has been directed toward understanding the development of contact pressures within the joint. Virtually all experimental studies to date have employed proximal femurs compressed along the joint reaction force vector into acetabulae explanted from cadaver pelves. This approach presumes that deformations of the acetabulum are highly localized, and that the pelvis is functionally a rigid body. We have developed a methodology that uses intact pelves loaded through simulation of the abductor mechanism. A direct comparison of the two techniques revealed significantly different joint contact characteristics and periacetabular strains. Fuji film measurements of contact area and pressure were more widely distributed across the acetabulum for the intact pelvis, with significant pressure development in anterior and posterior regions. Contact patterns in the explanted acetabulae were concentrated in the superior portion of the joint. Principal strains from three rosette gages placed near the acetabular rim were also significantly different for the two testing techniques, but were not substantially altered by the presence of Fuji film within the joint. The results indicate that deformation of the entire pelvis and the manner in which loads are applied significantly affect development of contact pressures within the hip joint, and that Fuji film is a suitable technique for recording those patterns.
髋关节是骨科创伤和疾病的常见部位，并且已经有大量研究致力于了解关节内接触压力的形成。迄今为止，几乎所有的实验研究都采用沿着关节反作用力矢量方向将股骨近端压入从尸体骨盆上取下的髋臼。这种方法假定髋臼的变形是高度局部化的，并且骨盆在功能上是一个刚体。我们已经开发出一种方法，通过模拟外展肌机制对完整的骨盆施加负荷。对这两种技术的直接比较显示，关节接触特征和髋臼周围应变存在显著差异。对于完整的骨盆，富士胶片测量的接触面积和压力在髋臼上分布得更广泛，在前部和后部区域有显著的压力形成。取下的髋臼中的接触模式集中在关节的上部。对于两种测试技术，放置在髋臼边缘附近的三个应变片测得的主应变也有显著差异，但关节内存在富士胶片对其影响不大。结果表明，整个骨盆的变形以及负荷施加方式会显著影响髋关节内接触压力的形成，并且富士胶片是记录这些模式的合适技术。
