Moore P S, Marfin A A, Quenemoen L E, Gessner B D, Ayub Y S, Miller D S, Sullivan K M, Toole M J
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522.
Lancet. 1993 Apr 10;341(8850):935-8. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91223-9.
Famine and civil war have resulted in high mortality rates and large population displacements in Somalia. To assess mortality rates and risk factors for mortality, we carried out surveys in the central Somali towns of Afgoi and Baidoa in November and December, 1992. In Baidoa we surveyed displaced persons living in camps; the average daily crude mortality rate was 16.8 (95% CI 14.6-19.1) per 10,000 population during the 232 days before the survey. An estimated 74% of children under 5 years living in displaced persons camps died during this period. In Afgoi, where both displaced and resident populations were surveyed, the crude mortality rate was 4.7 (3.9-5.5) deaths per 10,000 per day. Although mortality rates for all displaced persons were high, people living in temporary camps were at highest risk of death. As in other famine-related disasters, preventable infectious diseases such as measles and diarrhoea were the primary causes of death in both towns. These mortality rates are among the highest documented for a civilian population over a long period. Community-based public health interventions to prevent and control common infectious diseases are needed to reduce these exceptionally high mortality rates in Somalia.
饥荒和内战导致索马里死亡率居高不下，大量人口流离失所。为评估死亡率及死亡风险因素，我们于1992年11月和12月在索马里中部城镇阿夫戈伊和拜多阿开展了调查。在拜多阿，我们对住在营地的流离失所者进行了调查；在调查前的232天里，每10000人口的平均每日粗死亡率为16.8（95%可信区间14.6 - 19.1）。在此期间，估计住在流离失所者营地的5岁以下儿童中有74%死亡。在阿夫戈伊，我们对流离失所者和常住人口都进行了调查，粗死亡率为每天每10000人中有4.7（3.9 - 5.5）人死亡。虽然所有流离失所者的死亡率都很高，但住在临时营地的人死亡风险最高。与其他与饥荒相关的灾难一样，麻疹和腹泻等可预防的传染病是这两个城镇的主要死因。这些死亡率是长期以来平民人口中记录到的最高死亡率之一。需要开展基于社区的公共卫生干预措施来预防和控制常见传染病，以降低索马里这些异常高的死亡率。
