Kokubun M, Haishi K, Okuzumi H, Hosobuchi T, Koike T
Department of Special Education, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 1996 Dec;40 ( Pt 6):529-34. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.1996.803803.x.
The purpose of the present study was to clarify the predictive value of age of walking for later motor performance in children with mental retardation. While paying due attention to other factors, our investigation focused on the relationship between a subject's age of walking, and his or her subsequent beam-walking performance. The subjects were 85 children with mental retardation with an average age of 13 years and 3 months. Beam-walking performance was measured by a procedure developed by the authors. Five low beams (5 cm) which varied in width (12.5, 10, 7.5, 5 and 2.5 cm) were employed. The performance of subjects was scored from zero to five points according to the width of the beam that they were able to walk without falling off. From the results of multiple regression analysis, three independent variables were found to be significantly related to beam-walking performance. The age of walking was the most basic variable: partial correlation coefficient (PCC) = -45; standardized partial regression coefficient (SPRC) = -0.41. The next variable in importance was walking duration (PCC = 0.38; SPRC = 0.31). The autism variable also contributed significantly (PCC = 0.28; SPRC = 0.22). Therefore, within the age range used in the present study, the age of walking in children with mental retardation was thought to have sufficient predictive value, even when the variables which might have possibly affected their subsequent performance were taken into consideration; the earlier the age of walking, the better the beam-walking performance.
本研究的目的是阐明智力发育迟缓儿童开始走路的年龄对其后期运动能力的预测价值。在充分考虑其他因素的同时，我们的调查重点关注了受试者开始走路的年龄与其随后在走平衡木任务中的表现之间的关系。研究对象为85名智力发育迟缓儿童，平均年龄为13岁3个月。走平衡木的表现通过作者开发的程序进行测量。使用了五根低平衡木（5厘米），其宽度各不相同（12.5厘米、10厘米、7.5厘米、5厘米和2.5厘米）。根据受试者能够在不掉落的情况下行走的平衡木宽度，对其表现进行从零到五分的评分。通过多元回归分析结果发现，有三个自变量与走平衡木的表现显著相关。开始走路的年龄是最基本的变量：偏相关系数（PCC）=-0.45；标准偏回归系数（SPRC）=-0.41。第二重要的变量是行走持续时间（PCC = 0.38；SPRC = 0.31）。自闭症变量也有显著贡献（PCC = 0.28；SPRC = 0.22）。因此，在本研究使用的年龄范围内，即使考虑到可能影响智力发育迟缓儿童后续表现的变量，开始走路的年龄仍被认为具有足够的预测价值；开始走路的年龄越早，走平衡木的表现越好。
