对吸烟复发的认知反应：失调与自尊之间的相互关系。

Cognitive reactions to smoking relapse: the reciprocal relation between dissonance and self-esteem.

作者信息

Gibbons F X, Eggleston T J, Benthin A C

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Iowa State University 50011-3180, USA.

出版信息

J Pers Soc Psychol. 1997 Jan;72(1):184-95. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.72.1.184.

DOI:10.1037//0022-3514.72.1.184

PMID:9008380

Abstract

Perceptions of health risk associated with smoking, commitment to quitting, and self-concept were assessed among smokers before, during, and after their participation in cessation clinics. Consistent with expectations derived from cognitive dissonance theory, results indicated that relapsers' perception of risk declined after they resumed smoking, although the decline was significant only for relapsers with high self-esteem; high self-esteem relapsers experienced a significantly greater decline in commitment to quitting than did low self-esteem relapsers; and decline in risk perception among relapsers was associated with maintenance of self-esteem. The implications of these results for dissonance theory and the study of smoking relapse and cessation are discussed.

摘要

在吸烟者参加戒烟诊所之前、期间和之后，对与吸烟相关的健康风险认知、戒烟决心和自我概念进行了评估。与认知失调理论得出的预期一致，结果表明，复吸者在重新吸烟后对风险的认知有所下降，尽管只有自尊水平高的复吸者下降显著；自尊水平高的复吸者在戒烟决心方面的下降幅度明显大于自尊水平低的复吸者；复吸者风险认知的下降与自尊的维持有关。讨论了这些结果对失调理论以及吸烟复发和戒烟研究的意义。