West S K, Munoz B, Rubin G S, Schein O D, Bandeen-Roche K, Zeger S, German S, Fried L P
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-9019, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997 Jan;38(1):72-82.
The Salisbury Eye Evaluation (SEE) project investigates the impact of vision on functional status in a population-based sample of elderly persons. The prevalence of self-reports of functional status and the association with visual acuity loss are described.
A random sample of men and women 65 to 84 years of age from Salisbury, Maryland were recruited for home interviews and clinic examinations. Of the eligible sample, 78% responded to the home questionnaire and 65% responded to the questionnaire and the clinic examination. Binocular visual acuity of each person was measured using ETDRS charts and protocols. Questions were asked concerning activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, physical function, social interaction, and activities of daily vision. Analyses of the association of presenting visual acuity worse than 20/40 with the measures of function were carried out and adjusted for age, race, and sex.
All measures of functional status showed a decline with age; women and blacks were more likely to report difficulties. The age-adjusted proportions of those with visual impairment were not significantly different between men and women (7.2% versus 6.7%; P = 0.60). Black persons had almost twice the rate (10.4%) of white persons (5.6%; P < 0.001). Age, race, gender, and visual impairment were all significantly related to declines in functional status in multivariate models.
Data on functional status in the project population were similar to national data and confirmed higher rates of disability in women and blacks. Binocular visual acuity worse than 20/40 appeared to have an impact on all the self-report measures of functional status. Further analyses on the interaction of vision with other comorbid conditions on function status clearly are indicated.
索尔兹伯里眼科评估（SEE）项目调查了视力对以社区为基础的老年人群功能状态的影响。描述了功能状态自我报告的患病率以及与视力丧失的关联。
从马里兰州索尔兹伯里市随机抽取65至84岁的男性和女性进行家庭访谈和临床检查。在符合条件的样本中，78%的人回复了家庭问卷，65%的人回复了问卷并接受了临床检查。使用ETDRS图表和方案测量每个人的双眼视力。询问了有关日常生活活动、工具性日常生活活动、身体功能、社会互动和日常视觉活动的问题。对视力低于20/40与功能指标之间的关联进行了分析，并对年龄、种族和性别进行了调整。
所有功能状态指标均显示随年龄下降；女性和黑人更有可能报告有困难。视力障碍者经年龄调整后的比例在男性和女性之间无显著差异（7.2%对6.7%；P = 0.60）。黑人的发生率几乎是白人的两倍（10.4%对5.6%；P < 0.001）。在多变量模型中，年龄、种族、性别和视力障碍均与功能状态下降显著相关。
该项目人群的功能状态数据与全国数据相似，并证实女性和黑人的残疾率更高。双眼视力低于20/40似乎对功能状态的所有自我报告指标都有影响。显然需要进一步分析视力与其他合并症对功能状态的相互作用。
