Campos A L, Sigulem D M, Moraes D E, Escrivão A M, Fisberg M
Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1996 Feb;30(1):85-90. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89101996000100011.
The intellectual characteristics of 65 obese children and adolescents (weight for height > or = 140%), aged 8 to 13 years and 11 months, were compared to those of 35 eutrophic children and adolescents (weight for height between 90 and 110%; and stature for age > 95%) of the same age group, utilizing the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--WISC. Children and adolescents of the two groups were paired according to age groups, schooling level and socioeconomic condition. The obese group was composed of new patients assisted at the Department of Pediatrics of the Federal University of S. Paulo (Escola Paulista de Medicina), Brazil. The control group was made up of children from public primary schools, from the same geographical area as those studied. The eutrophic group presented significantly better performance in the intelligence test (Intelligence Quotient--IQ) than the obese group (average IQ--91 x 85; p < 0.05). Eutrophic children and adolescents revealed a wider range of interests, better capacity for social adaptability as well as greater speed and dexterity. Although weak, there was a positive correlation between income level, weight/stature relation (W/S) and IQ. There was no correlation between IQ and level of schooling. The eutrophic boys from higher income levels showed better perceptual and spacial organizing ability and a wider range of interests than those from the lower income groups. In spite of the fact that all the average IQ results presented consistently favored the eutrophic in relation to the obese, it is not possible to confirm one group's superiority over the other, due to the wide range of intervenient factors involved in the intelligence process.
利用韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC），对65名8岁至13岁11个月的肥胖儿童和青少年（身高体重比≥140%）的智力特征与35名同年龄组的营养正常儿童和青少年（身高体重比在90%至110%之间；年龄别身高＞95%）进行了比较。两组儿童和青少年根据年龄组、学业水平和社会经济状况进行配对。肥胖组由巴西圣保罗联邦大学（保罗医科大学）儿科学系收治的新患者组成。对照组由来自同一地理区域的公立小学的儿童组成。营养正常组在智力测试（智商——IQ）中的表现明显优于肥胖组（平均智商——91对85；p＜0.05）。营养正常的儿童和青少年表现出更广泛的兴趣、更好的社会适应能力以及更快的速度和灵活性。虽然不明显，但收入水平、体重/身高关系（W/S）与智商之间存在正相关。智商与学业水平之间没有相关性。高收入水平的营养正常男孩比低收入组的男孩表现出更好的感知和空间组织能力以及更广泛的兴趣。尽管所有平均智商结果始终表明营养正常组相对于肥胖组具有优势，但由于智力过程中涉及的干预因素范围广泛，无法确定一组优于另一组。
