Longcore J R, Stendell R C
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1977;6(2-3):293-304. doi: 10.1007/BF02097770.
Captive black ducks (anas rubripes) were fed dietary DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene] at 10 ppm (dry weight; about 2 ppm on a natural diet basis) for 2 breeding seasons, then untreated feed for 2 succeeding years. Residues of DDE in the carcasses of adults declined 90% during the 2-year clean-up period. Following 2 years of dietary DDE, mean residues in eggs reached 64.9 ppm. Even after 2 years on clean feed, DDE residues in the eggs averaged 6.2 ppm or 9.5% of the mean DDE level reached after 2 years on treated feed. Shells of eggs from treated hens were about 20% thinner than shells of eggs from controls. Stoppage of DDE dosage resulted in progressively thicker shells, yet even after 2 years on untreated feed hens laid eggs with shells about 10% thinner than control hens. After DDE was removed from the diet, DDE residues in the eggs decreased, shell thickness increased, and reproductive success improved. Hens previously exposed to DDE, but then fed clean feed for 2 years, still produced significantly fewer surviving ducklings than did control hens.
将圈养的黑鸭（绿头鸭）在两个繁殖季节中喂食含10 ppm（干重；以天然饮食为基础约为2 ppm）的滴滴涕[1,1-二氯-2,2-双（对氯苯基）乙烯]，然后在接下来的两年中喂食未处理的饲料。在两年的清理期内，成年鸭尸体中的滴滴涕残留量下降了90%。在喂食滴滴涕两年后，鸡蛋中的平均残留量达到64.9 ppm。即使在食用清洁饲料两年后，鸡蛋中的滴滴涕残留量平均仍为6.2 ppm，即食用处理过的饲料两年后达到的平均滴滴涕水平的9.5%。来自喂食过滴滴涕的母鸡所产鸡蛋的蛋壳比对照组母鸡所产鸡蛋的蛋壳薄约20%。停止投喂滴滴涕后，蛋壳逐渐变厚，但即使在食用未处理饲料两年后，母鸡所产鸡蛋的蛋壳仍比对照母鸡所产鸡蛋的蛋壳薄约10%。从饮食中去除滴滴涕后，鸡蛋中的滴滴涕残留量减少，蛋壳厚度增加，繁殖成功率提高。之前接触过滴滴涕但随后食用清洁饲料两年的母鸡，其存活下来的小鸭数量仍显著少于对照母鸡。
