Schmidt A
Institute for Microbiology and Virology, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany.
Cutis. 1997 Jan;59(1):21-4.
Malassezia furfur is an anthropophilic fungus that belongs to the physiological skin flora. The fungus can grow in a yeast phase as well as in a mycelial phase; on nonaffected skin the fungus is mainly prevalent in the yeast phase. The organism has complex lipid requirements for growth, which also explains its occurrence on the skin. This also leads to the requirement for specially supplemented media for in vitro cultivation. Malassezia furfur is the causative agent of pityriasis versicolor. It also seems to be associated with seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff formation, folliculitis, confluent and reticulate papillomatosis, and the provocation of psoriatic lesions. Many substances for topical application, such as azole antimycotics, ciclopirox olamine, piroctone-olamine, zinc pyrithione, or sulfur-containing substances are effective in the treatment of these diseases. In recent years rare cases of systemic infections and fungemias caused by Malassezia have been reported.
糠秕马拉色菌是一种嗜人真菌，属于生理性皮肤菌群。该真菌可在酵母相和菌丝相生长；在未受影响的皮肤上，真菌主要以酵母相存在。该生物体生长需要复杂的脂质，这也解释了其在皮肤上的存在。这也导致体外培养需要特别添加培养基。糠秕马拉色菌是花斑癣的病原体。它似乎还与脂溢性皮炎、头皮屑形成、毛囊炎、融合性网状乳头瘤病以及银屑病皮损的诱发有关。许多外用物质，如唑类抗真菌药、环吡酮胺、吡罗克酮乙醇胺盐、吡啶硫酮锌或含硫物质，对这些疾病的治疗有效。近年来，已报道了罕见的由马拉色菌引起的全身感染和真菌血症病例。
