McNulty H, Eaton-Evans J, Cran G, Woulahan G, Boreham C, Savage J M, Fletcher R, Strain J J
Human Nutrition Research Group, University of Ulster at Coleraine.
Arch Dis Child. 1996 Dec;75(6):474-81. doi: 10.1136/adc.75.6.474.
To report micronutrient intakes in Northern Ireland schoolchildren, and to establish the contribution of fortified breakfast cereal to overall nutrient intakes and achievement of current dietary recommendations.
Analysis of dietary intakes and physical characteristics of participants in a randomly selected 2% population sample of 1015 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years in Northern Ireland during the 1990/1 school year.
Dietary intakes, physical characteristics, and their association with consumption of fortified breakfast cereal.
Mean micronutrient intakes were generally adequate with the exception of low intakes of folate (boys and girls) and iron (girls). Fortified breakfast cereals, consumed by a high proportion (94% boys; 83% girls) of the sample, were associated with higher daily intakes of most micronutrients and fibre and with a macronutrient profile consistent with current nutritional recommendations. Appreciable proportions of subjects who did not consume fortified breakfast cereals had daily intakes that fell below the lower reference nutrient intake for riboflavin, niacin, folate, vitamin B-12, and iron (girls).
The results demonstrate the potential of fortification in contributing to micronutrient intakes of schoolchildren, particularly where requirements are high, or for those on marginal diets of low nutritional quality.
报告北爱尔兰学童的微量营养素摄入量，并确定强化早餐谷物对总体营养素摄入量的贡献以及当前饮食建议的达成情况。
对1990/1学年北爱尔兰1015名12岁和15岁学童的2%随机抽样人群样本中的参与者的饮食摄入量和身体特征进行分析。
饮食摄入量、身体特征及其与强化早餐谷物消费的关联。
除了叶酸（男孩和女孩）和铁（女孩）摄入量较低外，平均微量营养素摄入量总体上是充足的。样本中很大比例（94%的男孩；83%的女孩）食用强化早餐谷物，这与大多数微量营养素和纤维的每日摄入量较高以及与当前营养建议一致的宏量营养素分布有关。未食用强化早餐谷物的相当比例的受试者的每日摄入量低于核黄素、烟酸、叶酸、维生素B-12和铁（女孩）的参考营养素摄入量下限。
结果表明强化对学童微量营养素摄入量的贡献潜力，特别是在需求较高的情况下，或对于那些营养质量低的边缘饮食者。
