King's College London, Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, London, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan;66(1):10-7. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.143. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Breakfast is an important source of micronutrients in the diet and its consumption has been linked to positive health outcomes. The present analysis investigated the contribution that breakfast cereals make to the nutrient intakes of the materially deprived (low income) UK population.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3728 respondents aged 2 years and over from the UK Low Income Diet and Nutrition Survey (2003-2005) were analysed. Nutrient intakes of consumers and non-consumers of breakfast cereal were compared.
Breakfast cereals were consumed by 49% of men, 58% of women, 80% of boys and 80% of girls, and median intakes were: 35, 25, 29 and 21 g/d, respectively. Consumers of breakfast cereals had higher intakes of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, folate, vitamin B(6), vitamin B(12), iron and zinc than non-consumers. Breakfast cereal consumption was also related to higher intakes of calcium, attributable to higher milk consumption. The intake of wholegrain and high-fibre breakfast cereals was associated with a higher intake of non-starch polysaccharides. Intakes of niacin, biotin, calcium and zinc were higher but that of vitamin B(6) was lower among consumers of exclusively wholegrain and high-fibre breakfast cereals compared with consumers of other breakfast cereals. There were no significant differences observed in intakes of non-milk extrinsic sugars according to type of breakfast cereal consumed.
Breakfast cereals make a significant contribution to the micronutrient intake of the low-income UK population.
背景/目的：早餐是饮食中微量营养素的重要来源，其摄入与健康结果呈正相关。本分析调查了早餐谷类食品对英国贫困（低收入）人群营养摄入的贡献。
受试者/方法：对英国低收入饮食和营养调查（2003-2005 年）中 3728 名年龄在 2 岁及以上的受访者的数据进行了分析。比较了早餐谷物食品消费者和非消费者的营养素摄入量。
49%的男性、58%的女性、80%的男孩和 80%的女孩食用早餐谷类食品，中位数摄入量分别为 35、25、29 和 21g/d。早餐谷类食品的消费者比非消费者摄入更多的硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、生物素、叶酸、维生素 B(6)、维生素 B(12)、铁和锌。早餐谷类食品的消费也与更高的钙摄入量有关，这归因于更高的牛奶摄入量。全谷物和高纤维早餐谷类食品的摄入量与非淀粉多糖的摄入量增加有关。与其他早餐谷物食品相比，仅食用全谷物和高纤维早餐谷类食品的消费者摄入更多的烟酸、生物素、钙和锌，但维生素 B(6)的摄入量较低。根据所消费的早餐谷物食品的类型，非乳外来糖的摄入量没有观察到显著差异。
早餐谷类食品对英国低收入人群的微量营养素摄入有重要贡献。
