Henricsson M, Nilsson A, Groop L, Heijl A, Janzon L
Department of Ophthalmology, Helsingborg Hospital, Sweden.
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1996 Dec;74(6):523-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00727.x.
To study the frequency of diabetic retinopathy in relation to age at diagnosis, treatment, duration of diabetes and glycemic control as measured by means of HbA1c levels, we performed a cross-sectional, registered-based study in the Helsingborg area of southern Sweden, comprising 2232 diabetic patients. Of the known diabetic population < 75 years old, approximately 70% were estimated to be included. We graded retinopathy according to the alternative classification of the Wisconsin study. With an age at diagnosis < 30 years (19% of patients) the prevalence of retinopathy was 64%, whereas with an age at diagnosis > or = 30 years the prevalence of retinopathy was 57% in insulin-treated, and 26% in non-insulin treated patients. Levels of glycated hemoglobin and duration of diabetes were associated with retinopathy in the group with younger onset. In the older-onset group, there was a relationship between retinopathy and duration of diabetes and insulin treatment; glycated hemoglobin had a relationship which was of borderline significance with any retinopathy, but clearly significant with the pooled group: severe non-proliferative, proliferative retinopathy and/or macular edema. Hyperglycemia and duration of diabetes were thus associated with retinopathy in both younger- and older-onset diabetes, but hyperglycemia less so in the older-onset group.
为了研究糖尿病视网膜病变的发生频率与诊断年龄、治疗情况、糖尿病病程以及通过糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平衡量的血糖控制之间的关系，我们在瑞典南部赫尔辛堡地区开展了一项基于注册登记的横断面研究，纳入了2232例糖尿病患者。在已知的年龄小于75岁的糖尿病患者群体中，估计约70%被纳入研究。我们根据威斯康星研究的替代分类法对视网膜病变进行分级。诊断年龄小于30岁的患者（占患者总数的19%）中，视网膜病变的患病率为64%，而诊断年龄大于或等于30岁的患者中，接受胰岛素治疗的患者视网膜病变患病率为57%，未接受胰岛素治疗的患者为26%。糖化血红蛋白水平和糖尿病病程与发病年龄较小的患者组中的视网膜病变相关。在发病年龄较大的患者组中，视网膜病变与糖尿病病程和胰岛素治疗有关；糖化血红蛋白与任何视网膜病变的关系具有临界显著性，但与合并组（重度非增殖性、增殖性视网膜病变和/或黄斑水肿）的关系具有明显显著性。因此，高血糖和糖尿病病程在发病年龄较小和较大的糖尿病患者中均与视网膜病变相关，但在发病年龄较大的患者组中，高血糖与视网膜病变的相关性较弱。
