Ellis A A, Trent R B
Injury Surveillance and Epidemiology Section, California Department of Health Services, USA.
Public Health Rep. 1997 Jan-Feb;112(1):73-7.
To describe a significant but poorly understood public health problem, the authors compiled data on swimming pool drownings and near-drownings requiring hospitalization for California children ages 1 to 4.
Data from death certificates were used to analyze swimming pool drownings, and hospital discharge data were used to analyze near-drownings.
Among California preschoolers in 1993, pool immersion incidents were the leading cause of injury death and the eighth leading cause of injuries leading to hospitalization. Rates per 100,000 population were 3.2 for fatalities and 11.2 for nonfatal incidents, with a fatality-to-case ratio of 1:3.5. Total charges for initial hospital stays (excluding physicians' fees) were $5.2 million for 1227 hospital days.
Swimming pools remain a serious hazard for young children. Primary prevention continues to be an important public health goal. Public health officials should support the adoption of laws designed to protect children from drowning and near-drownings.
为描述一个虽重大但了解不足的公共卫生问题，作者汇编了加利福尼亚州1至4岁儿童因游泳池溺水及近乎溺水而需住院治疗的数据。
利用死亡证明数据分析游泳池溺水情况，利用医院出院数据分析近乎溺水情况。
在1993年加利福尼亚州的学龄前儿童中，泳池溺水事件是伤害死亡的首要原因，也是导致住院治疗的伤害的第八大原因。每10万人中的死亡率为3.2，非致命事件发生率为11.2，死亡与事件的比例为1:3.5。1227个住院日的初次住院总费用（不包括医生费用）为520万美元。
游泳池对幼儿仍然是严重的危险。一级预防仍然是一项重要的公共卫生目标。公共卫生官员应支持通过旨在保护儿童免于溺水及近乎溺水的法律。
