Calder R A, Clay C Y
Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, Tallahassee.
J Fla Med Assoc. 1990 Jul;77(7):679-82.
Drowning is a serious public health problem in Florida. It is the leading cause of death among children aged one to four years. We studied Florida drownings for 1977-1986 using data from the Florida vital statistics mortality file and found that 5,525 occurred, the greatest number in 1980 (688), the fewest in 1985 (453). The reasons for this decrease are not clear, but the greatest decrease occurred in swimming pool drownings. Nonwhite males had the highest overall drowning rates, except for those under age five or 80 and above. White males had the highest drowning rates for persons under age five; most of these occurred in swimming pools. No single approach will prevent drownings in all high risk groups. Priority should be given to foursided fencing of swimming pools and to further study of nonwhite male drownings.
溺水是佛罗里达州一个严重的公共卫生问题。它是1至4岁儿童死亡的主要原因。我们利用佛罗里达州生命统计死亡率档案中的数据，对1977年至1986年佛罗里达州的溺水事件进行了研究，发现共发生了5525起溺水事件，其中1980年数量最多（688起），1985年最少（453起）。这种下降的原因尚不清楚，但降幅最大的是游泳池溺水事件。除了5岁以下或80岁及以上的人群外，非白人男性的总体溺水率最高。白人男性在5岁以下人群中的溺水率最高；其中大多数发生在游泳池。没有单一的方法能预防所有高危人群溺水。应优先对游泳池进行四面围栏，并进一步研究非白人男性溺水问题。
