Luthar S S, Cushing G, Rounsaville B J
Yale University, Psychiatry, Psychology & Child Study Center, Connecticut Mental Health Center-S207, New Haven, 06519, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996 Dec 11;43(3):179-89. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01310-5.
This study focused on gender differences in childhood disorders and severity of adult psychosocial impairment among 106 females and 95 males seeking treatment for opiate addiction. Results indicated that as compared to males, female addicts reported significantly lower levels of conduct problems and higher levels of internalizing problems during childhood; these differences held even after controlling for comorbid adult psychiatric diagnosis. Findings also revealed that female addicts were at a disadvantage relative to males in terms of overall severity of psychiatric distress. Concomitantly, however, females showed less social deviance-on a range of illegal behaviors-as compared to men. Results were discussed in terms of implications for treatment planning: they underscore the need to consider gender differences in pathways to, and nature of, adult psychopathology among addicted individuals.
本研究聚焦于106名寻求阿片类成瘾治疗的女性和95名男性在儿童期障碍及成人心理社会损害严重程度方面的性别差异。结果表明，与男性相比，女性成瘾者报告称在儿童期品行问题水平显著更低，内化问题水平更高；即使在控制了成人共病精神科诊断之后，这些差异依然存在。研究结果还显示，在精神痛苦的总体严重程度方面，女性成瘾者相对于男性处于劣势。然而，与此同时，与男性相比，女性在一系列非法行为方面表现出较少的社会偏差。研究结果从对治疗规划的影响方面进行了讨论：它们强调在成瘾个体通向成人精神病理学的途径及其性质方面考虑性别差异的必要性。
