O'Flaherty J E, Pirie P L
School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Pediatrics. 1997 Feb;99(2):169-74. doi: 10.1542/peds.99.2.169.
To assess pediatricians' knowledge about the epidemiology of childhood drowning, their opinions and current practices regarding its prevention, and their interest in taking on more responsibility for its prevention.
A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 800 pediatricians in the United States, randomly selected from the American Academy of Pediatrics' approximately 18,000 full fellows.
A total of 560 completed surveys were returned, a response rate of 70.1%. Although 85% of respondents believe it is the responsibility of pediatricians to become involved in community and/or legislative efforts to prevent childhood drowning, only 4.1% were involved in such efforts. Only a minority of respondents provided written materials and anticipatory guidance on drowning prevention to their patients. Women were more likely than men to discuss drowning prevention with their patients. Younger physicians were more likely than older physicians to discuss drowning prevention with their patients. Physicians who received formal education on drowning prevention during their pediatric residency training were more likely to provide written materials and anticipatory guidance on drowning prevention to their patients. However, only 17.9% of respondents received formal education on drowning prevention during their pediatric residency training. Seventy-four percent of all respondents felt that further education on the prevention of childhood drowning and near-drowning would be useful to them.
Although drowning is the second leading cause of death by unintentional injury in the pediatric population (aged 0 to 19 years), most pediatricians do not routinely provide information to their patients, or to their patients' parents, on drowning prevention.
Pediatricians have been effective child advocates in many areas of injury prevention. If the prevention of drowning is made a priority in pediatric practice, many more children's lives will be saved.
评估儿科医生对儿童溺水流行病学的了解、他们对溺水预防的看法和当前做法，以及他们承担更多溺水预防责任的意愿。
向从美国儿科学会约18000名正式会员中随机抽取的800名美国儿科医生邮寄了一份自填式问卷。
共收回560份完整问卷，回复率为70.1%。尽管85%的受访者认为参与社区和/或立法层面的儿童溺水预防工作是儿科医生的职责，但只有4.1%的人实际参与了此类工作。只有少数受访者为患者提供了有关溺水预防的书面材料和预期指导。女性比男性更有可能与患者讨论溺水预防问题。年轻医生比年长医生更有可能与患者讨论溺水预防问题。在儿科住院医师培训期间接受过溺水预防正规教育的医生，更有可能为患者提供有关溺水预防的书面材料和预期指导。然而，只有17.9%的受访者在儿科住院医师培训期间接受过溺水预防正规教育。74%的受访者认为接受关于儿童溺水和近乎溺水预防的进一步教育对他们会有帮助。
尽管溺水是0至19岁儿童人群中意外伤害致死的第二大原因，但大多数儿科医生并未定期向患者或其父母提供溺水预防方面的信息。
儿科医生在许多伤害预防领域一直是有效的儿童权益倡导者。如果将溺水预防作为儿科实践的优先事项，将会挽救更多儿童的生命。
