Robertson J D, Bonaventura J, Kohm A, Hiscat M
Nicholas School of the Environment Marine Laboratory, Pivers Island, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516, USA.
Proc Biol Sci. 1996 Dec 22;263(1377):1739-43. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1996.0254.
We recently reported that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in Octopus vulgaris by intramuscular injections of an analog of L-arginine, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), blocked touch learning in Octopus vulgaris. The inactive enantiomorph (D-NAME), which had no effect on learning, was used for control. We now report that essentially the same procedures block visual learning in this animal. We used a visual paradigm in which the octopus was trained to respond positively to a smooth black plastic ball 2.5 cm diameter and negatively to a similar white ball, or vice versa. One set of eight animals was trained to the black ball positive, and another set of six to the white ball positive. Each set was trained at different times by two different trainers. We found that a 1 h pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME blocks visual learning in Octopus vulgaris in both sets of animals.
我们最近报道，通过肌肉注射L-精氨酸类似物N-ω-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）抑制普通章鱼中的一氧化氮合酶（NOS），会阻碍普通章鱼的触觉学习。对学习无影响的无活性对映体（D-NAME）用作对照。我们现在报道，基本相同的程序会阻碍这种动物的视觉学习。我们使用了一种视觉范式，其中章鱼被训练对直径2.5厘米的光滑黑色塑料球做出积极反应，对类似的白色球做出消极反应，反之亦然。一组八只动物被训练对黑球做出积极反应，另一组六只动物被训练对白球做出积极反应。每组在不同时间由两名不同的训练员进行训练。我们发现，用一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-NAME进行1小时预处理会阻碍两组动物中普通章鱼的视觉学习。
