Schumacher J, Citino S B, Dawson R
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 1997 Feb;58(2):157-61.
To determine the effects of an i.m. administered carfentanil-xylazine combination on cardiopulmonary variables and plasma catecholamine concentrations and to validate use of pulse oximetry in bongo antelopes.
8 healthy adult females.
Antelopes were immobilized with carfentanil citrate (8.3 micrograms/kg of body weight, i.m.) and xylazine hydrochloride (0.79 mg/kg, i.m.). Hematologic values and plasma biochemical and catecholamine concentrations were determined at the beginning and end of immobilization. Immediately after induction of immobilization and every 15 minutes thereafter, cardiopulmonary variables were determined.
Induction time after carfentanil-xylazine administration was 6 +/- 2 minutes. At 15 and 45 minutes after immobilization and thereafter, significant decrease in heart and respiratory rates, respectively, were observed. After 15 minutes of immobilization, all antelopes had developed mild hypoxemia, which resolved after nasal insufflation with 100% oxygen. Pulse oximetry readings underestimated arterial blood gas values, but reliably indicated trends in arterial oxygen desaturation. Antelopes developed hypoxemia after oxygen administration was terminated at the end of the procedure, prior to reversal of immobilization. Norepinephrine concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations decreased significantly at the end of the anesthetic event. Immobilization of all antelopes was reversed, using antagonists naltrexone and yohimbine hydrochloride. Time to standing was 3 +/- 1 minutes, and renarcotization was not observed.
The carfentamil-xylazine combination at the dosage used induced hypoxemia, pronounced arterial hypertension, and significant increase in plasma norepinephrine and decrease in plasma 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations in bongo antelopes. Supplemental administration of oxygen is recommended. Pulse oximetry is a useful tool to monitor trends in arterial oxygen desaturation, but does not substitute for arterial blood gas analysis.
确定肌肉注射卡芬太尼-赛拉嗪组合对心肺变量和血浆儿茶酚胺浓度的影响，并验证脉搏血氧饱和度测定法在邦戈羚羊中的应用。
8只健康成年雌性。
用枸橼酸卡芬太尼（8.3微克/千克体重，肌肉注射）和盐酸赛拉嗪（0.79毫克/千克，肌肉注射）使羚羊麻醉。在麻醉开始和结束时测定血液学值、血浆生化指标和儿茶酚胺浓度。在麻醉诱导后立即及此后每隔15分钟测定心肺变量。
卡芬太尼-赛拉嗪给药后的诱导时间为6±2分钟。在麻醉后15分钟和45分钟及此后，分别观察到心率和呼吸频率显著下降。麻醉15分钟后，所有羚羊均出现轻度低氧血症，经鼻给予100%氧气后缓解。脉搏血氧饱和度读数低估了动脉血气值，但可靠地显示了动脉血氧饱和度下降的趋势。在手术结束、麻醉逆转前停止给氧后，羚羊出现低氧血症。麻醉结束时，去甲肾上腺素浓度显著升高（P<0.05），3,4-二羟基苯乙酸浓度显著降低。使用拮抗剂纳曲酮和盐酸育亨宾使所有羚羊的麻醉逆转。站立时间为3±1分钟，未观察到再次麻醉。
所用剂量的卡芬太尼-赛拉嗪组合在邦戈羚羊中可引起低氧血症、明显的动脉高血压，以及血浆去甲肾上腺素显著升高和血浆3,4-二羟基苯乙酸浓度降低。建议补充给氧。脉搏血氧饱和度测定法是监测动脉血氧饱和度下降趋势的有用工具，但不能替代动脉血气分析。
