Howard L A, Tipper S P
Centre for Perception, Attention and Motor Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK.
Exp Brain Res. 1997 Jan;113(1):144-52. doi: 10.1007/BF02454150.
Previous research has demonstrated that when a stimulus is to be ignored, the path of motion towards a target (saccade or manual reach) deviates away from the to-be-ignored stimulus. Path deviations in saccade and reaching tasks have, however, been observed in very different situations. In the saccade tasks subjects initially attended to a cue, then disengaged attention while saccading to a target. By contrast, in the selective reaching tasks attention was continuously withdrawn from the to-be-ignored stimulus, as this was irrelevant throughout the experiment. In the two experiments reported here, cues similar to those studied in saccade tasks are examined with selective reaching procedures. Experiment 1 shows that when a coloured light-emitting diode cue, upon which subjects engage and then subsequently disengage attention, is close to the responding hand, the hand deviates away from the cue. Experiment 2 confirms this cue avoidance by showing that, compared with central fixation alone, the hand veers away from a central cue. These results confirm that the path deviations observed in saccades can also be obtained in manual reaching movements. Such findings support the notion that eye and hand movements are both affected by inhibitory mechanisms of attention.
先前的研究表明，当要忽略某个刺激时，朝向目标的运动路径（扫视或手动够取）会偏离要忽略的刺激。然而，在扫视和够取任务中的路径偏差是在非常不同的情况下观察到的。在扫视任务中，受试者最初关注一个线索，然后在扫视到目标时转移注意力。相比之下，在选择性够取任务中，注意力不断从要忽略的刺激上撤回，因为在整个实验中该刺激都是不相关的。在本文报道的两个实验中，使用选择性够取程序来研究与扫视任务中所研究的类似线索。实验1表明，当受试者关注然后随后转移注意力的彩色发光二极管线索靠近响应手时，手会偏离该线索。实验2通过表明与仅中央注视相比，手会从中央线索转向来证实这种线索回避。这些结果证实，在扫视中观察到的路径偏差也可以在手动够取运动中获得。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即眼睛和手部运动都受到注意力抑制机制的影响。
