Krieger J
Unité des troubles du sommeil, Clinique neurologique Hôpital civil, Strasbourg.
Rev Prat. 1996 Dec 15;46(20):2435-41.
Sleep-related respiratory disorders are mainly represented by the consequences of partial or total upper airway obstruction during sleep, which lead to clinical pictures ranging from "pure" snoring to full-blown obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, including obstructive sleep hypopnea syndrome and upper airway resistance syndrome. These pictures share symptoms like snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. Beyond the social and professional impairment and the increased risk of traffic and work accidents, these patients are exposed to the complications of systemic hypertension, which is often associated, and of less frequent cardiorespiratory failure. The diagnosis is based upon polysomnography which demonstrates the ventilation abnormalities. Since stable weight loss is most often impossible to obtain, the treatment of choice is based on nasal continuous positive airway pressure during sleep. In some selected cases, facial bone surgery may be helpful.
睡眠相关呼吸障碍主要表现为睡眠期间部分或完全上气道阻塞的后果，其导致的临床症状范围从“单纯”打鼾到严重的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征，包括阻塞性睡眠呼吸低通气综合征和上气道阻力综合征。这些症状都有打鼾和白天过度嗜睡等表现。除了社会和职业功能受损以及交通事故和工作事故风险增加外，这些患者还面临系统性高血压并发症的风险，系统性高血压常与之相关，而心肺功能衰竭的情况则较少见。诊断基于多导睡眠图，其可显示通气异常。由于通常难以实现稳定的体重减轻，因此首选治疗方法是睡眠期间经鼻持续气道正压通气。在一些特定病例中，面部骨手术可能会有所帮助。
