Plati C, Lemonidou C, Priami M, Baltopoulos G, Mantas J
Department of Nursing, University of Athens.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 1996 Dec;12(6):340-5. doi: 10.1016/s0964-3397(96)81231-6.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the availability of intensive care unit (ICU) beds and the number of requests, the number and categories of nursing staff, the nursing care required, and the time spent in various nursing activities.
19 district general hospitals were studied. The characteristics of the units and their nursing personnel were recorded. The availability of ICU beds, the frequency of bed requests, and the way of patient admission in the ICUs were studied retrospectively for 1 year and prospectively for 2 weeks. The staffing level of direct care for 36 patients was studied to determine the time required for direct nursing care.
the distribution of intensive care beds was: GICU 108, CICU 114, PSICU 30. During 1991, 12363 patients were admitted and 12172 of them were discharged; 3 628 patients stayed less than 2 days while the average length of stay was 12.5 days. In 1992, during the 2-week period, there were 303 requests for an admission to ICUs and of these 150 requests could not be met because of lack of ICU beds. The mean staffing level was 2.3 nurses per bed (to cover the three shifts). The mean nursing time required for direct nursing care of each patient per shift was found to be 6 hours for GICU patients, 5.3 for CICU, and 6.0 for PSICU patients.
本研究的目的是调查重症监护病房（ICU）床位的可用性和请求数量、护理人员的数量和类别、所需的护理以及在各种护理活动中花费的时间。
对19家地区综合医院进行了研究。记录了各科室及其护理人员的特征。对ICU床位的可用性、床位请求频率以及ICU患者的入院方式进行了为期1年的回顾性研究和为期2周的前瞻性研究。研究了36名患者的直接护理人员配备水平，以确定直接护理所需的时间。
重症监护床位分布为：综合重症监护病房（GICU）108张，心脏重症监护病房（CICU）114张，小儿重症监护病房（PSICU）30张。1991年，收治患者12363例，出院12172例；3628例患者住院时间少于2天，平均住院时间为12.5天。1992年，在为期2周的时间里，有303例请求入住ICU，其中150例因ICU床位不足而无法满足。平均人员配备水平为每张床位2.3名护士（覆盖三班）。发现GICU患者每班直接护理的平均护理时间为6小时，CICU为5.3小时，PSICU患者为6.0小时。
