Lovejoy D A
Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Biochem Cell Biol. 1996;74(1):1-7. doi: 10.1139/o96-001.
Recent investigations indicate that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides are each composed of at least two functionally discrete paralogous lineages. [His5Trp7Tyr8]GnRH (chicken GnRH-II) is associated with brain neuromodulatory and possibly peripheral endocrine activity, whereas [Arg8]GnRH (mammal GnRH) and its orthologues play major roles as hypothalamic releasing factors. Similarly, CRF appears to be the primary vertebrate ACTH-releasing peptide, whereas the paralogous lineage of urotensin-I-sauvagine has been associated with a variety of diverse peripheral activities. In phylogenetically older species, representatives of both GnRH and CRF family lineages have been characterized. Structural and functional conservation of these peptide systems in vertebrates suggest that additional GnRH-like and CRF-like peptides will be found in the mammal brain.
近期研究表明，促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）和促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）肽家族各自至少由两个功能上离散的旁系同源谱系组成。[His5Trp7Tyr8]GnRH（鸡GnRH-II）与脑内神经调节以及可能的外周内分泌活动相关，而[Arg8]GnRH（哺乳动物GnRH）及其直系同源物作为下丘脑释放因子发挥主要作用。同样，CRF似乎是脊椎动物促肾上腺皮质激素释放的主要肽，而尾加压素-I- sauvagine的旁系同源谱系与多种不同的外周活动相关。在系统发育较古老的物种中，GnRH和CRF家族谱系的代表都已得到表征。这些肽系统在脊椎动物中的结构和功能保守性表明，在哺乳动物脑中将会发现更多类似GnRH和类似CRF的肽。
