Philipson A
J Infect Dis. 1977 Sep;136(3):370-6. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.3.370.
Levels of ampicillin in plasma and urine were studied in 26 pregnant women during the 8 hr following an oral as well as an intravenous dose. Identical doses were given to the same women after pregnancy, and the resulting plasma and urine levels were compared. Assays were performed by means of a disk agar diffusion method. Renal plasma clearance was calculated. Plasma levels were significantly lower during pregnancy than after. The difference was unrelated to body weight and length of gestation but was associated with a significant increase in distribution volume and renal plasma clearance in pregnant women. Recovery of ampicillin in urine during 8 hr was identical during pregnancy and after. It is suggested that pregnant women require higher doses of ampicillin per kg of body weight than nonpregnant women in order to achieve similar concentrations in plasma. The experimental design used in the present study is suitable for evaluation of pharmacokinetics in pregnancy.
对26名孕妇在口服和静脉注射氨苄西林后的8小时内，研究了其血浆和尿液中的氨苄西林水平。在这些女性产后给予相同剂量的氨苄西林，并比较所得到的血浆和尿液水平。通过纸片琼脂扩散法进行测定。计算了肾血浆清除率。孕期的血浆水平显著低于产后。这种差异与体重和妊娠期长短无关，但与孕妇分布容积和肾血浆清除率的显著增加有关。孕期和产后8小时内尿液中氨苄西林的回收率相同。建议为使血浆中达到相似浓度，孕妇每千克体重所需的氨苄西林剂量高于非孕妇。本研究中使用的实验设计适用于评估孕期的药代动力学。
