Bowen S E, Balster R L
Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0613, USA.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1997 Feb;35(2):189-96. doi: 10.1006/faat.1996.2278.
The acute neurobehavioral effects of three acetates (amyl, ethyl, and n-butyl acetate) were investigated after 20-min inhalation exposures in mice using locomotor activity and a functional observational battery (FOB). Ethyl and n-butyl acetate produced significant decreases in locomotor activity at the highest concentrations examined, while amyl acetate was without effect. Minimally effective concentrations for activity-decreasing effects were 2000 ppm for ethyl acetate and 8000 ppm for n-butyl acetate. The potency order was similar in the FOB where ethyl acetate was more potent in disrupting the neurobehavioral measures. The FOB profile of effects for all three acetates included changes in posture, decreased arousal, increased tonic/clonic movements, disturbances in gait, delayed righting reflexes, and increased sensorimotor reactivity. Furthermore, handling-induced convulsions were produced in some mice acutely exposed to each of these acetates. Recovery from the acute effects of these acetates was rapid and began within minutes of removal from the exposure chamber. The acetates produced a profile of neurobehavioral effects that were different from those reported for depressant solvents (i.e., toluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane) that are subject to abuse. Evidence is emerging for qualitative differences in the acute neurobehavioral effects of various volatile chemicals.
在小鼠吸入暴露20分钟后，使用自发活动和功能性观察组合（FOB）研究了三种醋酸酯（醋酸戊酯、醋酸乙酯和醋酸正丁酯）的急性神经行为效应。在所检测的最高浓度下，醋酸乙酯和醋酸正丁酯使自发活动显著降低，而醋酸戊酯则无此效应。醋酸乙酯降低活动效应的最低有效浓度为2000 ppm，醋酸正丁酯为8000 ppm。在FOB中效力顺序相似，其中醋酸乙酯在扰乱神经行为指标方面更具效力。所有三种醋酸酯的FOB效应特征包括姿势改变、觉醒降低、强直性/阵挛性运动增加、步态紊乱、翻正反射延迟以及感觉运动反应性增加。此外，一些急性暴露于这些醋酸酯的小鼠出现了处理诱导的惊厥。这些醋酸酯急性效应的恢复很快，在从暴露室移出后几分钟内就开始了。这些醋酸酯产生的神经行为效应特征与那些被滥用的抑制性溶剂（即甲苯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷）所报告的不同。各种挥发性化学物质急性神经行为效应存在定性差异的证据正在显现。
