[The genetic activity of superlow doses of antitumor antibiotics and 2-nitrofluorene: the ecological aspects of the problem].

The genetic (mutagenic) activity of ultralow doses (below 1 x 10(-12)M of the antitumor antibiotics, anthracyclines and bleomycin, as well as the typical pollutant and component of the urban atmosphere 2-nitrofluorene, was studied on the model of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 TA98 his D3052. It was shown for the first time that carminomycin and 2-nitrofluorene at 1 x 10(-17) and 1 x 10(-22) M induced a two- to threefold increase in the number of revertants-prototrophs over the spontaneous background. The areas of increase (1 x 10(-15) M) and decrease (1 x 10(-19) and 1 x 10(-21) M) in the number of mutants, as compared with the spontaneous background, were found in the curve of dose dependence of the number of mutants in the presence of bleomycin. The results obtained were discussed in terms of their ecological importance.