Levy S M, Kiritsy M C, Slager S L, Warren J J, Kohout F J
Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Denstitry, Iowa City, USA.
Pediatr Dent. 1997 Jan-Feb;19(1):50-5.
The early use of fluoride dentifrice and use of larger quantities recently have been identified as risk factors for dental fluorosis. However, little is known about fluoride dentifrice use and ingestion among infants and young children whose developing permanent teeth are at risk for dental fluorosis. This paper reports on patterns of fluoride dentifrice use among a birth cohort up to 12 months of age as reported by mothers by written questionnaire. Among those with teeth, percentages whose teeth were brushed at age 6, 9, and 12 months were 12.9%, 36.7%, and 64.5%, respectively. Percentages brushing with fluoride dentifrice were 1.9%, 11.7%, and 31.7%. Among those using dentifrice, the percentages using fluoride dentifrice were 94-97%. Among those using dentifrice, mean estimated quantities of fluoride from dentifrice used per brushing were 0.11, 0.14, and 0.17 mg F (range up to 0.88 mg). Among users, mean quantities of fluoride from dentifrice used per day were 0.21, 0.20, and 0.19 mg F (range up to 1.75 mg). Results suggest that fluoride dentifrice use among infants varies greatly, can be substantial, and can be a risk factor for dental, fluorosis.
早期使用含氟牙膏以及近期使用大量含氟牙膏已被确定为氟斑牙的风险因素。然而，对于正在发育的恒牙有患氟斑牙风险的婴幼儿使用含氟牙膏及摄入氟的情况却知之甚少。本文报告了母亲通过书面问卷汇报的一个出生队列中12个月龄以下婴儿使用含氟牙膏的模式。在有牙齿的婴儿中，6个月、9个月和12个月时刷牙的婴儿比例分别为12.9%、36.7%和64.5%。使用含氟牙膏刷牙的比例分别为1.9%、11.7%和31.7%。在使用牙膏的婴儿中，使用含氟牙膏的比例为94% - 97%。在使用牙膏的婴儿中，每次刷牙使用牙膏估计摄入的氟平均量分别为0.11、0.14和0.17毫克氟（范围高达0.88毫克）。在使用者中，每天使用牙膏摄入的氟平均量分别为0.21、0.20和0.19毫克氟（范围高达1.75毫克）。结果表明，婴儿使用含氟牙膏的情况差异很大，可能摄入量可观，并且可能是氟斑牙的一个风险因素。
